Forest stands established by planting or/and seedling in the process of afforestation or reforestation. They are either: I) of introduced species (all planted stands) or; ii) intensively managed stands of indigenous species, which meet all the following criteria: one or two species at plantation, even age class, regular spacing. (FAO, 1998)

A large group of trees planted in a tract of land, usually fenced or delineated with a boundary. Planting of nursery raised seedlings is necessary to supplement the natural vegetation growth, esp. in arid and semi-arid areas.(Siyag, P.R., 1998)

A forest established by planting or/and seeding in the process of afforestation or reforestation. It consists of introduced species or, in some cases, indigenous species. (FAO, 2001)

A plantation forest may be afforested land or a secondary forest established by planting or direct seeding. A gradient exists among plantation forests from even-aged, single species monocultures of exotic species with a fibre production objective to mixed species native to the site with both fibre and biodiversity objectives. This gradient will probably also reflect the capability of the plantation forest to maintain "normal" local biological diversity. (UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA, 2001)

(Industrial) Plantation Intensively managed forest stands established to provide material for sale locally or outside the immediate region, by planting or/and seeding in the process of afforestation or reforestation.

(Home and farm) Plantation Managed forest, established for subsistence or local sale by planting or/and seeding in the process of afforestation or reforestation, with even age class and regular spacing. Usually small scale and selling, it at all, in a dispersed market.

(Environmental) Plantation Managed forest stand, established primarily to provide environmental stabilization or amenity value, by planting or/and seedling in the process of afforestation or reforestation, usually with even age class and regular spacing.(Poulsen, J. 2002)